Clinical Pharmacy

Roach's Introductory Clinical Pharmacology, 9th Edition



This core text offers LPN/LVN students a clear, concise introduction to pharmacology, focusing on basic principles and the nurse's responsibility in drug administration. Organized by body system, the book examines pharmacologic properties and therapeutic applications of drug classes. Summary Drug Tables present generic and trade drug names, uses, adverse reactions, and usual dosage ranges. This edition has thoroughly updated drug information, a new "Pharmacology in Practice" case study feature, Nursing Alerts, Lifespan Alerts, Chronic Care Alerts, Diversity Alerts, and additional material on the nursing process. A bound-in CD-ROM and a companion Website include an NCLEX® alternate item format tutorial, a Spanish-English audio glossary, monographs on 100 most commonly prescribed drugs, Listen and Learn, Concepts in Action animations, Watch and Learn video clips, and dosage calculation quizzes, plus the full text online.
Table of contents : 
cover......Page 1
Half Title......Page 3
Title Page......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Dedication......Page 7
Reviewers......Page 9
Special Features......Page 13
Organization......Page 14
Comprehensive Teaching/Learning Package......Page 15
Acknowledgments......Page 17
Contents......Page 19
UNIT I: Foundations of Clinical Pharmacology......Page 21
Drug Names......Page 23
Drug Classes and Categories......Page 24
Special FDA Programs......Page 25
Drug Activity Within the Body......Page 26
Drug Reactions......Page 29
Drug Interactions......Page 31
Factors Influencing Drug Response......Page 32
Herbalism and Dietary Supplements......Page 33
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine......Page 34
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 35
The (Five + 1) Rights of Drug Administration......Page 36
Considerations in Drug Administration......Page 37
Administration of Drugs by the Parenteral Route......Page 41
Administration of Drugs Through the Skin and Mucous Membranes......Page 45
Nursing Responsibilities After Drug Administration......Page 47
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 48
Calculating Drug Doses Safely......Page 49
Ratio and Proportion Method of Dosage Calculation......Page 51
Drugs in Liquid Form......Page 52
Dosage Calculation Using Dimensional Analysis......Page 55
Selected Methods Used in Calculation of Drug Dosages......Page 56
Mathematical Review......Page 57
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 64
The Five Phases of the Nursing Process......Page 65
Think Critically: Pharmacology in Practice......Page 69
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 70
Three Domains of Learning......Page 71
Think Critically: Pharmacology in Practice......Page 75
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 76
UNIT II: Anti-Infectives......Page 77
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 78
Adverse Reactions......Page 79
Interactions......Page 81
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 83
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 84
Actions......Page 85
Resistance to Drugs......Page 88
Interactions......Page 89
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 93
Uses......Page 94
Interactions......Page 96
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 99
Adverse Reactions......Page 100
Precautions......Page 102
Contraindications......Page 103
Uses......Page 104
Interactions......Page 105
Test Your Knowledge......Page 108
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 109
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 110
Adverse Reactions......Page 112
Actions and Uses......Page 113
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 114
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 117
Actions......Page 118
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 119
Adverse Reactions......Page 121
Interactions......Page 122
Test Your Knowledge......Page 124
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 125
Uses......Page 126
Contraindications......Page 127
Precautions......Page 130
Actions......Page 131
Interactions......Page 132
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 135
ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS......Page 136
Uses......Page 138
Interactions......Page 139
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 142
Actions......Page 144
Adverse Reactions......Page 145
Interactions......Page 146
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 148
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 149
ANALGESICS AND PAIN RELIEF......Page 151
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 152
Pain Assessment......Page 153
Uses......Page 154
Precautions......Page 155
Interactions......Page 156
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 160
Adverse Reactions......Page 161
Precautions......Page 164
Interactions......Page 165
Think Critically: Pharmacology in Practice......Page 168
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 169
Actions......Page 170
Contraindications......Page 173
Interactions......Page 174
Think Critically: Pharmacology in Practice......Page 179
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 180
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 181
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 183
Regional Anesthesia......Page 184
Administering Local Anesthesia......Page 185
Selection of Preanesthetic Drugs......Page 186
Drugs Used for General Anesthesia......Page 187
Stages of General Anesthesia......Page 188
Test Your Knowledge......Page 189
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 190
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 191
Actions......Page 193
Interactions......Page 195
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 198
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 199
Dependence......Page 200
Interactions......Page 202
Think Critically: Pharmacology in Practice......Page 204
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 205
Actions......Page 206
Uses......Page 207
Interactions......Page 208
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 211
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 212
Uses......Page 213
Uses......Page 214
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 215
Contraindications......Page 218
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 222
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 223
Uses......Page 224
Adverse Reactions......Page 226
Precautions......Page 227
Interactions......Page 228
Test Your Knowledge......Page 231
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 232
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 233
Actions......Page 235
Uses......Page 236
Contraindications......Page 237
Interactions......Page 240
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 243
Uses......Page 244
Uses......Page 247
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 248
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 249
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 253
Actions......Page 254
Interactions......Page 255
Test Your Knowledge......Page 257
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 258
Actions......Page 259
Precautions......Page 260
Interactions......Page 262
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 265
Pharmacology In Practice......Page 267
Actions......Page 269
Interactions......Page 270
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 273
Actions......Page 274
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 276
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 277
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 278
Interactions......Page 279
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 282
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 283
Precautions......Page 286
Interactions......Page 287
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 290
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 291
Adverse Reactions......Page 292
Interactions......Page 296
Actions......Page 297
Interactions......Page 298
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 301
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 303
Adverse Reactions......Page 305
Interactions......Page 307
Adverse Reactions......Page 308
Interactions......Page 309
Test Your Knowledge......Page 310
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 311
Uses......Page 312
Interactions......Page 314
Adverse Reactions......Page 316
Interactions......Page 317
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 318
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 319
Actions......Page 320
Xanthine Derivative Bronchodilators......Page 322
Actions......Page 323
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 326
Interactions......Page 327
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 334
UNIT VIII: Drugs That Affect the Cardiovascular System......Page 335
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 336
Cholesterol Levels......Page 337
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 338
Adverse Reactions......Page 340
Interactions......Page 341
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 342
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 345
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 346
Nonpharmacological Management of Hypertension......Page 347
Drug Therapy for Hypertension......Page 348
Actions......Page 350
Uses......Page 351
Adverse Reactions......Page 352
Precautions......Page 356
Interactions......Page 357
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 361
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 362
Uses......Page 363
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 364
Interactions......Page 365
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 370
ORAL AND PARENTERAL ANTICOAGULANTS......Page 371
Adverse Reactions......Page 374
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 375
Interactions......Page 376
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 381
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 382
Actions......Page 383
Interactions......Page 384
MISCELLANEOUS INOTROPIC DRUGS......Page 385
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 388
Actions......Page 390
Uses......Page 392
Adverse Reactions......Page 393
Precautions......Page 395
Interactions......Page 396
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 401
UNIT IX: Drugs That Affect the Gastrointestinal System......Page 403
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 404
Uses......Page 405
Adverse Reactions......Page 408
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 409
Uses......Page 410
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 411
Contraindications......Page 412
EMETICS......Page 413
Think Critically: Pharmacology in Practice......Page 416
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 417
Inflammatory Bowel Disease......Page 418
Interactions......Page 421
Interactions......Page 422
Interactions......Page 423
Prepare for the NCLEX......Page 425
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 426
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 427
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 429
Actions......Page 430
Adverse Reactions......Page 431
Interactions......Page 433
ORAL ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS AND OTHER AGENTS......Page 439
Uses......Page 440
Actions......Page 442
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 443
HORMONE MIMETIC AGENTS......Page 444
Think Critically: Pharmacology in Practice......Page 446
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 447
Actions and Uses......Page 448
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 449
Interactions......Page 451
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 453
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 455
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 456
Interactions......Page 457
Uses......Page 458
Actions and Uses......Page 459
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 460
Test Your Knowledge......Page 464
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 465
Uses......Page 466
Interactions......Page 468
Actions......Page 469
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 470
Test Your Knowledge......Page 471
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 472
Actions......Page 473
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 475
Interactions......Page 476
Uses......Page 478
Adverse Reactions: Estrogens......Page 480
Adverse Reactions: Progestins......Page 482
Interactions......Page 483
HORMONES FOR CANCER TREATMENT......Page 489
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 491
Action and Uses......Page 492
Adverse Reactions......Page 493
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 494
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 496
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 498
UNIT XI: Drugs That Affect the Urinary System......Page 499
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 500
Actions......Page 501
Precautions......Page 504
Interactions......Page 505
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 510
LEARNING OBJECTIVES......Page 511
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 513
Interactions......Page 514
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 517
Pharmacology In Practice......Page 519
Humoral Immunity......Page 521
Active and Passive Immunity......Page 522
Actions and Uses......Page 525
Adverse Reactions......Page 527
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 529
Interactions......Page 530
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 532
THE CELL CYCLE......Page 533
Actions and Uses......Page 535
Contraindications and Precautions......Page 538
Interactions......Page 542
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 549
HEMATOPOIETIC DRUGS USED IN TREATING POTENTIAL BLEEDING OR INFECTION......Page 550
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 551
Drugs Used in Treating Anemia Associated With Chronic Illness......Page 553
Interactions......Page 554
Adverse Reactions......Page 555
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 556
Pharmacology in Practice......Page 559
Actions and Uses......Page 561
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 566
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 567
TOPICAL LOCAL ANESTHETICS......Page 568
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 569
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 572
Adverse Reactions......Page 573
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 575
Glaucoma......Page 577
Actions and Uses......Page 578
Adverse Reactions......Page 583
Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 584
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 587
Parenteral Management of Body Fluids......Page 588
Action and Uses......Page 590
Adverse Reactions, Contraindications, Precautions, and Interactions......Page 592
Action and Uses......Page 593
Actions and Uses......Page 594
TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION......Page 595
Adverse Reactions and Interactions......Page 596
Test Your Knowledge......Page 600
Calculate Medication Dosages......Page 601
Glossary......Page 603
Appendix A: Drug Categories: Controlled Substances and FDA Pregnancy Risk......Page 613
Appendix B: FDA and ISMP Lists of Look-Alike Drug Name Sets With Recommended Tall Man Letters......Page 614
Appendix C: Select Herbs and Natural Products Used for Medicinal Purposes......Page 615
Body Surface Area Nomograms......Page 619
The Apothecaries’ System......Page 620
Appendix E: Answers to Review Questions and Medication Dosage Problems......Page 622
Index......Page 633
Key to Abbreviations......Page 673