Neurology
Peripheral Neuropathies in Clinical Practice (Contemporary Neurology Series)
| The last 2 decades have seen enormous strides in our understanding of the biological, genetic and clinical basis of the peripheral nerve disorders. This remains a difficult area for most practitioners. This text combines a thorough review of the neurologic literature with clinical experience in presenting a comprehensive yet concise and readable approach to the understanding, evaluation and management of these disorders. All practitioners seeing these patients, as well as all trainees in Neurology and related fields, should find this a useful, approachable initial resource. | |||
Table of contents : CONTENTS......Page 8 Neuron Cell Body and Axon......Page 19 Wallerian Degeneration and Axon Regeneration......Page 22 GLOSSARY OF COMMON CLINICAL TERMS......Page 23 Distal Axonal Degeneration......Page 25 Segmental (Nonuniform) Myelinopathy......Page 28 Diffuse (Uniform) Myelinopathy......Page 30 Neuronopathy (Ganglionopathy)......Page 32 Ischemia......Page 33 Infiltration......Page 35 Physical Injuries......Page 36 GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND THE ALGORITHMIC APPROACH......Page 40 CHRONIC IDIOPATHIC AXONAL POLYNEUROPATHY (CIAP)/SMALL-FIBER NEUROPATHY (SFN)......Page 43 TREATMENT OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN......Page 46 DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES AND WORK-UPS FOR THE VARIED NEUROPATHY PHENOTYPES......Page 47 ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND NERVE CONDUCTION STUDIES......Page 56 Sensory Nerve Conduction Studies......Page 57 Motor Nerve Conduction Studies......Page 58 Late Responses......Page 61 Needle Electromyography......Page 63 Sympathetic Skin Response (SSR)......Page 64 QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING (QST)......Page 65 High-Resolution Sonography of Peripheral Nerve......Page 66 Indications......Page 67 Technical Considerations......Page 68 SKIN BIOPSY......Page 69 CASE 1: PAINFUL SMALL-FIBER NEUROPATHY AND DYSAUTONOMIA......Page 72 CASE 2: INSIDIOUS ONSET OF DISTAL WEAKNESS IN AN ADULT WITH DEFORMED FEET......Page 73 CASE 3: LOWER LIMB PARESTHESIAS IN A MIDDLE-AGED ADULT WITH DIABETES......Page 74 CASE 4: A MIDDLE-AGED WOMAN WITH MUSCLE TWITCHING AND EPISODIC NUMBNESS......Page 75 CASE 5: SIX DAYS OF CRANIAL NEUROPATHIES AND HYPOREFLEXIA......Page 76 CASE 6: TWO-MONTH ONSET OF SENSORY NEUROPATHY IN A WOMAN WITH OVARIAN CARCINOMA......Page 78 CASE 7: A 47-YEAR-OLD MAN WITH 10 YEARS OF PROGRESSIVE BILATERAL HAND WEAKNESS......Page 79 CASE 8: CHRONIC SENSORY LOSS AND UNSTEADY GAIT IN A 59-YEAR-OLD WOMAN......Page 80 CASE 9: AN ELDERLY MAN WITH ACRAL PARESTHESIAS AND GAIT UNSTEADINESS......Page 81 CASE 10: FOOT DROP IN AN 81-YEAR-OLD WOMAN......Page 82 CASE 11: A MIDDLE-AGED MAN WITH MULTIFOCAL PAIN, SENSORY LOSS, AND WEAKNESS......Page 84 CASE 12: FIVE-DAY ONSET OF DIFFUSE WEAKNESS......Page 85 Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) and Fisher Syndrome (FS)......Page 87 Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN) and Acute Motor and Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN)......Page 97 Sensory (Idiopathic, Sjögren Syndrome, Paraneoplastic) and Motor (Paraneoplastic) Neuronopathies and Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy (AAG)......Page 100 Introduction......Page 112 Clinical Features......Page 113 Laboratory Studies......Page 117 Pathology......Page 119 Pathogenesis......Page 121 Treatment......Page 122 Course and Prognosis......Page 123 Introduction......Page 129 Clinical Features......Page 130 Laboratory Studies......Page 135 Pathology......Page 137 Treatment, Course, and Prognosis......Page 138 INTRODUCTION......Page 143 Clinical Features......Page 144 Treatment, Course, and Prognosis......Page 145 Clinical Features......Page 146 Laboratory Studies......Page 147 Treatment......Page 148 Clinical Features......Page 149 Laboratory Studies......Page 150 Pathogenesis......Page 151 Clinical Features......Page 152 Laboratory Studies......Page 154 Treatment, Course, and Prognosis......Page 155 Clinical Features......Page 156 Laboratory Studies......Page 160 Nerve Biopsy/Pathology......Page 161 Course and Prognosis......Page 162 Clinical Features......Page 163 Nerve Biopsy/Pathology......Page 164 Course and Prognosis......Page 165 Treatment, Course, and Prognosis......Page 166 Introduction......Page 175 Distal Symmetric Sensorimotor/Autonomic Polyneuropathy (DSP/A)......Page 176 Autonomic Neuropathy......Page 179 Proximal Multifocal Neuropathies (Diabetic Lumbosacral Radiculoplexus Neuropathy and Thoracolumbar Truncal Neuropathy)......Page 180 Diabetic Motor-Predominant Neuropathies......Page 182 Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy......Page 183 Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy......Page 184 INTRODUCTION......Page 187 Clinical Features......Page 188 Laboratory Studies......Page 189 Clinical Features......Page 191 Nerve Biopsy/Pathology......Page 192 Laboratory Studies......Page 193 Treatment, Course, and Prognosis......Page 194 Laboratory Studies......Page 195 Treatment, Course, and Prognosis......Page 196 Laboratory Studies......Page 197 OTHER: CUBAN EPIDEMIC OPTIC AND PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; DEFICIENCIES: RIBOFLAVIN (VITAMIN B[sub(2)], PYRIDOXINE (VITAMIN B[sub(6)], FOLATE, ZINC; BARIATRIC SURGERY......Page 198 Introduction......Page 204 Clinical Features......Page 208 Laboratory Studies......Page 209 Pathology/Nerve Biopsy......Page 210 Treatment, Course, and Prognosis......Page 211 NEUROPATHIES ASSOCIATED WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE......Page 212 NEUROPATHIES ASSOCIATED WITH COMPARTMENT SYNDROMES......Page 213 PULMONARY FAILURE......Page 217 Uremic Polyneuropathy......Page 218 Ischemic Monomelic Neuropathy......Page 219 CRITICAL ILLNESS POLYNEUROPATHY......Page 220 Differential Diagnosis......Page 221 14. THE HEREDITARY NEUROPATHIES......Page 227 Introduction......Page 228 Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Type 1 (CMT1/HMSN I)......Page 230 Hereditary Neuropathy with Liability to Pressure Palsy (HNPP)......Page 238 Charcot-Marie- Tooth Disease, Type 2 (CMT2/HMSN II)......Page 242 Dejerine-Sottas Disease and Congenital Hypomyelinating Neuropathy (HMSN III)......Page 245 Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Type 4 (CMT4, Autosomal Recessive CMT1, ARCMT1, HMSN IV)......Page 246 Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, X-Linked (CMTX/HMSN X)......Page 247 Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Dominant Intermediate (DI-CMT)......Page 250 Clinical Features......Page 251 Laboratory Studies......Page 253 Treatment, Course, and Prognosis......Page 254 DISTAL HEREDITARY MOTOR NEUROPATHIES/NEURONOPATHIES (dHMN)......Page 255 Autosomal Dominant......Page 256 HEREDITARY SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA WITH NEUROPATHY (HSP)......Page 257 Clinical Features......Page 258 HEREDITARY PERIPHERAL NERVE CHANNELOPATHIES......Page 259 Sodium Channelopathies......Page 260 Potassium Channelopathies......Page 261 Introduction......Page 270 Clinical Features......Page 271 Laboratory Studies......Page 272 Pathophysiology......Page 273 Lysosomal Disorders......Page 274 Peroxisomal Disorders......Page 279 Lipoprotein Deficiencies......Page 282 Introduction......Page 285 Laboratory Studies......Page 287 Treatment, Course, and Prognosis......Page 288 NEUROACANTHOCYTOSIS SYNDROMES......Page 289 Neurofibromatosis 1......Page 293 Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease......Page 294 PRINCIPLES OF GENERAL NEUROTOXICOLOGY......Page 303 Distal Axonopathy (Central-Peripheral Distal Axonopathy)......Page 305 Bortezomib......Page 306 Disulfiram......Page 307 Metronidazole......Page 308 Nucleoside Analogues......Page 309 Platinum (Cisplatin and Oxaliplatin)......Page 310 Pyridoxine......Page 311 Tacrolimus......Page 312 Thalidomide......Page 313 Vinca Alkaloids......Page 314 Arsenic (Inorganic)......Page 317 Hexacarbons (n-Hexane)......Page 320 Methyl Bromide......Page 322 Organophosphates......Page 323 Thallium......Page 324 Anatomy and Pathophysiology of Nerve Injuries......Page 327 Electrodiagnostic Features of Nerve Injuries......Page 328 Median Nerve......Page 329 Ulnar Nerve......Page 336 Radial Nerve......Page 341 Other Upper Extremity Mononeuropathies......Page 345 Sciatic Nerve......Page 346 Peroneal Nerve......Page 347 Tibial Nerve......Page 349 Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve......Page 352 Other Lower Extremity Mononeuropathies......Page 354 Idiopathic Facial Nerve Paralysis (Bell’s Palsy)......Page 356 Anatomy......Page 362 Etiology......Page 363 Anatomy......Page 371 Etiology......Page 372 Neuromyotonia......Page 378 Cramps......Page 381 Tetany......Page 382 Hemimasticatory Spasm......Page 383 Hypothenar Dimpling......Page 384 |
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