Basic Techniques in Pediatric Surgery: An Operative Manual

This unique manual is a “surgical cookbook” designed to provide clear and concise guidance for trainees in pediatric surgery. With the aid of simple line drawings depicting each operative step, more than one hundred frequently performed procedures are explained and demonstrated. The reader will learn how to perform each procedure effectively and safely, avoiding potential complications. The full range of surgery is covered, including basic surgical skills, day surgery procedures, emergency surgery procedures and minimally invasive surgery. The book will be of value not only to trainees in pediatric surgery but also to trainees in general surgery, theatre nurses, parents and carers.

Table of contents : 

Front Matter....Pages i-xviii

Front Matter....Pages 1-1

A1 The World Health Organisation Surgical Safety Checklist....Pages 3-4

A2 Positioning....Pages 5-7

A3 Preparation....Pages 8-10

A4 Surgical Instruments....Pages 11-20

A5 Diathermy....Pages 21-25

A6 Local Anaesthesia....Pages 26-33

A7 Skin Lines and Wound Healing....Pages 34-36

A8 Transverse Supraumbilical Incision....Pages 37-39

A9 Midline Laparotomy and Paramedian Incisions....Pages 40-42

A10 Subcostal and Rooftop Incisions....Pages 43-46

A11 Pfannenstiel Incision....Pages 47-49

A12 Gridiron, Lanz and Rutherford Morison Incisions....Pages 50-52

A13 Sutures and Their Uses....Pages 53-55

A14 Knots and Their Uses....Pages 56-57

A15 Hand Tying....Pages 58-59

A16 Instrument Tying....Pages 60-63

A17 Repair of Vessels, Nerves and Tendons....Pages 64-66

A18 Haemostasis....Pages 67-69

A19 Debridement....Pages 70-71

A20 Management of Acute Thermal Injuries in Children....Pages 72-75

Front Matter....Pages 1-1

A21 Venepuncture, Intraosseous Access and Venous Cut-down....Pages 76-81

A22 Open Insertion of Tunnelled Central Venous Lines and Portacaths....Pages 82-84

A23 Percutaneous Insertion of Central Venous Lines and Portacaths....Pages 85-86

A24 Principles of Tumour Biopsy....Pages 87-89

A25 Skin and Muscle Biopsies....Pages 90-91

A26 Excision of Common Skin Lesions....Pages 92-94

A27 Compartment Syndrome and Lower-Limb Fasciotomy....Pages 95-97

A28 Plastering....Pages 98-100

A29 Traction and the Thomas Splint....Pages 101-104

A30 Tourniquets....Pages 105-106

A31 Drains and Drain Fixation Techniques....Pages 107-109

A32 Principles of Wound Management....Pages 110-117

Front Matter....Pages 119-119

B1 Layers of the Scalp and Suturing....Pages 121-124

B2 External and Internal Angular Dermoid Cyst....Pages 125-127

B3 Cleft Lip and Palate....Pages 128-131

B4 Lacerations to the Face, Lips, Tongue and Ears....Pages 132-133

B5 Ear Deformities....Pages 134-136

B6 Branchial Remnants....Pages 137-140

B7 Parotid Dissection....Pages 141-143

B8 Ranula and Tongue-Tie....Pages 144-146

Front Matter....Pages 119-119

B9 Excision of Thyroglossal Cyst and Fistula....Pages 147-148

B10 Lymph Node Biopsy....Pages 149-150

B11 Principles of Surgery for Lymphatic Malformations....Pages 151-152

B12 Tracheostomy....Pages 153-154

B13 Torticollis....Pages 155-156

B14 Burr Holes....Pages 157-158

B15 Ventriculoperitoneal Shunting for Hydrocephalus....Pages 159-162

B16 Cervical Oesophagostomy....Pages 163-165

B17 H-Type Tracheo-oesophageal Fistula....Pages 166-167

Front Matter....Pages 169-169

C1 Spina Bifida....Pages 171-173

C2 Forearm Manipulation and Molded Cast....Pages 174-177

C3 Distal Radius Wiring....Pages 178-180

C4 Forearm Diaphyseal Reduction and Fixation (Closed Wiring)....Pages 181-183

C5 Displaced Supracondylar Humeral Fracture....Pages 184-187

C6 Femoral Fracture and Spica Cast....Pages 188-189

C7 Tibial Diaphysis Fracture – External Fixation....Pages 190-191

C8 Infection – Washout of the Knee and Hip....Pages 192-194

C9 Syndactyly....Pages 195-197

C10 Polydactyly....Pages 198-201

C11 Biopsy of an Extremity Tumour....Pages 202-203

Front Matter....Pages 169-169

C12 Ingrown Toenail....Pages 204-207

Front Matter....Pages 209-209

D1 Chest Tube Insertion....Pages 211-213

D2 Thoracotomy....Pages 214-217

D3 Empyema....Pages 218-221

D4 Bronchoscopy and Removal of Foreign Body....Pages 222-223

D5 Oesophageal Atresia and Tracheo-oesophageal Fistula....Pages 224-227

D6 Right Pneumonectomy....Pages 228-230

D7 Right Upper Lobectomy....Pages 231-233

D8 Right Lower Lobectomy....Pages 234-236

D9 Wedge Resection....Pages 237-238

D10 Cannulation for Extracorporeal Life Support....Pages 239-242

Front Matter....Pages 243-243

E1 Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy....Pages 245-247

E2 Endoscopic Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding....Pages 248-251

E3 Proctoscopy and Rigid Sigmoidoscopy....Pages 252-253

E4 Colonoscopy....Pages 254-255

E5 Open Pyloromyotomy....Pages 256-259

E6 Stamm Gastrostomy....Pages 260-262

E7 Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG)....Pages 263-265

E8 Umbilical Hernia Repair....Pages 266-267

E9 Epigastric and Supra-umbilical Hernia Repair....Pages 268-269

Front Matter....Pages 243-243

E10 Open Nissen Fundoplication....Pages 270-272

E11 Gastroschisis....Pages 273-274

E12 Exomphalos....Pages 275-277

E13 Loop Enterostomy....Pages 278-279

E14 Bowel Resection and Anastomosis....Pages 280-282

E15 Right Hemicolectomy....Pages 283-285

E16 Subtotal Colectomy and Ileostomy....Pages 286-289

E17 Small Bowel Atresia....Pages 290-292

E18 Malrotation and Volvulus....Pages 293-295

E19 Open Appendectomy....Pages 296-299

E20 Meckel’s Diverticulum and other Vitello-intestinal Anomalies....Pages 300-302

E21 Intussusception....Pages 303-305

E22 Peritoneal Drainage....Pages 306-308

E23 Trauma Laparotomy....Pages 309-311

E24 Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia....Pages 312-313

E25 Diaphragmatic Eventration....Pages 314-316

E26 Long-Gap Oesophageal Atresia – Gastric Pull-Up....Pages 317-321

E27 Duodenal Atresia....Pages 322-324

E28 Necrotising Enterocolitis....Pages 325-327

E29 Wilms Tumour....Pages 328-330

Front Matter....Pages 243-243

E30 Abdominal Neuroblastoma....Pages 331-333

E31 Meconium Ileus....Pages 334-337

E32 Rectal Biopsy....Pages 338-340

E33 Transanal Endorectal Pull-Through for Rectosigmoid Hirschsprung Disease....Pages 341-343

E34 Open Endorectal (Soave-Boley) Pull-Through....Pages 344-348

E35 Myomectomy for Ultrashort segment Hirschsprung Disease....Pages 349-352

E36 Open Swenson Procedure....Pages 353-356

E37 Open Duhamel Pull-Through....Pages 357-360

E38 Principles of Liver Surgery....Pages 361-363

E39 Biliary Atresia....Pages 364-365

E40 Choledochal Malformations....Pages 366-368

E41 Pancreatic Pseudocyst....Pages 369-370

E42 Inflammatory Bowel Disease....Pages 371-374

Front Matter....Pages 375-375

F1 Exposure of the Inguinal Canal and Spermatic Cord Structures....Pages 377-379

F2 Inguinal Hernia and Ligation of Patent Processus Vaginalis....Pages 380-382

F3 Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia....Pages 383-385

F4 Femoral Hernia....Pages 386-388

F5 Acute Scrotal Exploration....Pages 389-391

F6 Varicocoele....Pages 392-395

F7 Testicular Tumour....Pages 396-397

Front Matter....Pages 375-375

F8 Circumcision and Prepuceplasty....Pages 398-401

F9 Urethral Meatotomy and Dorsal Slit of the Foreskin....Pages 402-403

F10 Open Orchidopexy....Pages 404-406

F11 Ovarian Surgery....Pages 407-409

F12 Labial Adhesions and Imperforate Hymen....Pages 410-412

F13 Principles of Hypospadias Surgery....Pages 413-422

F14 Glandular and Coronal Hypospadias Repair....Pages 423-425

F15 Two-Stage Hypospadias Repair: Stage One....Pages 426-428

F16 Hypospadias Repair: Stage Two....Pages 429-430

Front Matter....Pages 431-431

G1 Cystourethroscopy....Pages 433-434

G2 Urethral and Suprapubic Catheterisation....Pages 435-438

G3 Open Surgical Approaches to the Kidney....Pages 439-441

G4 Open Nephrectomy....Pages 442-444

G5 Pyeloplasty....Pages 445-447

G6 Ureteric Duplication....Pages 448-449

G7 Surgery for Renal Calculi....Pages 450-452

G8 Nephrostomy....Pages 453-458

G9 Vesicostomy....Pages 459-460

G10 Ureterostomy....Pages 461-464

G11 Conduit Diversion....Pages 465-467

Front Matter....Pages 431-431

G12 Ileocystoplasty....Pages 468-470

G13 Continent Catheterisable Conduit....Pages 471-472

G14 V-Quadrilateral-Z (VQZ)-plasty for Stoma....Pages 473-474

G15 Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteric Reflux....Pages 475-477

G16 Ureteric Reimplantation....Pages 478-481

G17 Posterior Urethral Valves....Pages 482-483

Front Matter....Pages 485-485

H1 Perineal Injuries....Pages 487-489

H2 Anal Fissures and Skin Tags....Pages 490-492

H3 Perianal Abscess and Fistula-in-Ano....Pages 493-495

H4 Anterior Ectopic Anus....Pages 496-498

H5 Excision of Rectal Polyp....Pages 499-500

H6 Sacrococcygeal Teratoma....Pages 501-503

H7 Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty in Females with Perineal or Vestibular Fistulae....Pages 504-507

H8 Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty (PSARP) for Males with Recto-urethral Bulbar Fistula and Prostatic Fistula....Pages 508-511

H9 Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty (PSARP) with Laparotomy/Laparoscopy in Males with Rectal–Bladder Neck Fistulas....Pages 512-514

H10 Posterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty (PSARP) with Total Urogenital Mobilization for Cloacae with a Common Channel Smaller than 3 cm....Pages 515-518

H11 Colostomy Creation in Anorectal Malformation....Pages 519-521

H12 Colostomy Closure in Anorectal Malformation....Pages 522-524

Front Matter....Pages 525-525

I1 Ergonomics, Heuristics and Cognitive Skills in Laparoscopic Surgery....Pages 527-529

I2 Complications of Laparoscopic Surgery....Pages 530-538

Front Matter....Pages 525-525

I3 Energy Sources in Laparoscopic Surgery....Pages 539-541

I4 Minimally Invasive Repair of a Pectus Excavatum....Pages 542-546

I5 Thoracoscopic Lung Biopsy....Pages 547-549

I6 Thoracoscopic Lobectomy....Pages 550-555

I7 Thoracoscopic Decortication for Empyema....Pages 556-557

I8 Thoracoscopic Diaphragmatic Hernia Repair....Pages 558-561

I9 Laparoscopic Cardiomyotomy....Pages 562-564

I10 Laparoscopic Fundoplication....Pages 565-568

I11 Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy....Pages 569-571

I12 Laparoscopic Appendectomy....Pages 572-574

I13 Laparoscopic Button Placement for Antegrade Enema....Pages 575-576

I14 Primary laparoscopic-assisted endorectal pull-through....Pages 577-579

I15 Laparoscopic Duhamel Pull-Through Procedure....Pages 580-582

I16 Laparoscopic Splenectomy....Pages 583-585

I17 Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy....Pages 586-588

I18 Diagnostic Laparoscopy for Non palpable Undescended Testis....Pages 589-591

I19 Laparoscopic Fowler–Stephens Orchidopexy....Pages 592-594

I20 Lymphatic-Sparing Laparoscopic Varicocelectomy....Pages 595-597

I21 Laparoscopic Inguinal Herniotomy....Pages 598-600

I22 Retroperitoneoscopic Nephrectomy....Pages 601-603

Front Matter....Pages 525-525

I23 Retroperitoneoscopic Partial Nephrectomy....Pages 604-606

I24 Laparoscopic Dismembered Pyeloplasty....Pages 607-610

I25 Button Vesicostomy....Pages 611-613

I26 Laparoscopic-Assisted Insertion of a Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter....Pages 614-617

I27 Laparososcopic Repair of Duodenal Atresia....Pages 618-621

I28 Laparoscopic excision of Choledochal cyst and Hepatico-duodenostomy....Pages 622-626

I29 Management of Upper Urinary Tract Calculi....Pages 627-631

Back Matter....Pages 633-644

Basic Techniques in Pediatric Surgery: An Operative Manual